PERSONAL TRANSPORTATION MODES (without FF CO2 emissions)
Human Powered
Walking/Running/Skateboards
Bicycles
Skis
Rowboats, Canoes, and Kayaks
Wind Powered
Sailboats
PERSONAL TRANSPORTATION MODES (minimizing FF CO2 emissions)
Electric Vehicles (EVs)
Hybrid (HEVs) & Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs)
CHARGE YOUR EVs with SOLAR (further minimizing CO2 emissions)
Solar Power: Reducing your Carbon Footprint
http://edu-observatory.org/olli/Solar/index.html
ELECTRIC VEHICLES (EVs)
NYT: Electric Cars Are Better for the Planet and Cheaper to Own
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/01/15/climate/electric-car-cost.html
For electric cars, lower maintenance costs and the lower
costs of charging compared with gasoline prices tend to
offset the higher upfront price over time. (Battery-electric
engines have fewer moving parts that can break compared with
gas-powered engines and they don't require oil changes.
Electric vehicles also use regenerative braking, which
reduces wear and tear.)
The cars are greener over time, too, despite the more
emissions-intensive battery manufacturing process. Dr.
Trancik estimates that an electric vehicle's production
emissions would be offset in anywhere from six to 18 months,
depending on how clean the energy grid is where the car is
charging.
International Energy Agency (IEA)
IEA: Global EV Outlook 2024
https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2024
https://www.iea.org/energy-system/transport/electric-vehicles
Electric car sales keep rising and could reach around 17
million in 2024, accounting for more than one in five cars
sold worldwide. Electric cars continue to make progress
towards becoming a mass-market product in a larger number of
countries. Tight margins, volatile battery metal prices,
high inflation, and the phase-out of purchase incentives in
some countries have sparked concerns about the industry's
pace of growth, but global sales data remain strong. In the
first quarter of 2024, electric car sales grew by around 25%
compared with the first quarter of 2023, similar to the
year-on-year growth seen in the same period in 2022. In
2024, the market share of electric cars could reach up to
45% in China, 25% in Europe and over 11% in the United
States, underpinned by competition among manufacturers,
falling battery and car prices, and ongoing policy support.
IEA: Electric Vehicles: Total Cost of Ownership Tool
https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/electric-vehicles-total-cost-of-ownership-tool
The TCO provides a way to calculate, and then fairly
compare, the costs of owning and operating a vehicle over a
period of time. It combines information on purchase costs,
ongoing costs such as fuelling/charging and maintenance, as
well as financing. Since the costs of all these elements
depend on the competing technologies, a TCO aims to help
users understand the trade-offs, and make more informed
decisions when purchasing a vehicle.
IEA: EV Life Cycle Assessment Calculator
https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/ev-life-cycle-assessment-calculator
Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a methodology used to
evaluate the environmental impacts of a product, process or
service throughout its entire lifecycle. This type of
assessment analyses factors such as resource consumption,
emissions and waste generation to inform more sustainable
decision-making. This tool focuses specifically on the GHG
emissions of passenger cars.
Autovista24: The most popular EVs across the world 2024H1
INSIDE EVs: EV 101
https://insideevs.com/features/category/ev-101/
INSIDE EVs: Lists
https://insideevs.com/features/category/lists/
INSIDE EVs: EV Education
https://insideevs.com/features/category/ev-education/
EPA: Green Vehicle Guide
How_Plug-In_Vehicles_Work.mp4 (3 min)
https://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles
EPA: Green Vehicle Myths
https://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles/electric-vehicle-myths
1. Electric vehicles are worse for the climate than gasoline cars because of power plant emissions
2. Electric vehicles are worse for the climate than gasoline cars because of battery manufacturing
3. Electric vehicle batteries are unreliable and need to be replaced every few years
4. The increase in electric vehicles entering the market will collapse the U.S. power grid
5. There is nowhere to charge
6. Electric vehicles don't have enough range to handle daily travel demands
7. Electric vehicles are not as safe as comparable gasoline vehicles
FACT: Electric vehicles must meet the same safety standards
as conventional vehicles.
All light duty cars and trucks sold in the United States
must meet the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. To
meet these standards, vehicles must undergo an extensive,
long-established testing process, regardless of whether the
vehicle operates on gasoline or electricity. Separately, EV
battery packs must meet their own testing standards.
Moreover, EVs are designed with additional safety features
that shut down the electrical system when they detect a
collision or short circuit.
Best EV Charging Stations in US/IA
https://www.plugshare.com/directory/us
https://www.plugshare.com/directory/us/iowa
Everything You Need To Know About Electric Car Tires (11+ min)
EV_Tires.mp4
Tire Choices on TESLA Model Y
https://www.tesla.com/modely
Recommendations and Reviews
Edmons: Best Electric Cars of 2024 and 2025
https://www.edmunds.com/electric-car/
Car And Driver: Best Electric Venicles for 2024 and 2025
https://www.caranddriver.com/rankings/best-electric-cars
INSIDE EVs
https://insideevs.com/reviews/category/car-reviews/
HYBRID (HEVs) & PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES (PHEVs)
Explaining Hybrid & Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles
https://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles/explaining-electric-plug-hybrid-electric-vehicles
Hybrid Vehicles (HEVs/PHEVs)
https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/info.shtml
HYDROGEN FUEL CELL VEHICLES (FCVs)
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles (EPA)
https://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles/hydrogen-fuel-cell-vehicles
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs) are similar to electric
vehicles (EVs) in that they use an electric motor instead of
an internal combustion engine to power the wheels. However,
while EVs run on batteries that must be plugged in to
recharge, FCVs generate their electricity onboard. In a fuel
cell, hydrogen (H2) gas from the vehicleÕs fuel tank
combines with oxygen (O2) from the air to generate
electricity with only water and heat as byproducts of the
process.
Compare Fuel Cell Vehicles (EPA)
https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/fcv_sbs.shtml